The Medicine Guide by SIRI

  What is Diclofenac? Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain and inflammation. It is widely prescribed for arthritis, muscle pain, and injuries. Uses Osteoarthritis & rheumatoid arthritis Muscle pain, back pain, sprains Post-surgical pain Migraines (in some forms like rapid-release tablets) How It Works Diclofenac blocks COX enzymes (cyclooxygenase-1 and 2), which reduces prostaglandins — the chemicals that cause pain, swelling, and fever. Dosage (General) Adults: Usually 50–100 mg per day in divided doses. Available as tablets, gels, eye drops, injections, and patches. Side Effects Stomach upset, acidity, nausea Headache, dizziness Long-term use: risk of ulcers, kidney or heart problems Precautions Take after food to reduce stomach irritation Avoid in patients with peptic ulcer, severe kidney/heart disease Should not be used during late pregnancy Forms Available Oral tablets & capsules Topical gels/creams for joint or muscle pain...

  What is Montelukast? Montelukast is a medicine that belongs to the group of leukotriene receptor antagonists. It works by blocking certain natural substances (leukotrienes) that cause allergies and asthma symptoms. Common Uses Prevention and long-term treatment of asthma Relief from allergic rhinitis (sneezing, runny or stuffy nose) Prevents exercise-induced breathing problems Sometimes prescribed for chronic urticaria (hives) Dosage (General) Adults: 10 mg once daily in the evening Children (6–14 years): 5 mg once daily Children (2–5 years): 4 mg once daily  Always use as prescribed by a doctor. Side Effects Headache Abdominal pain Cough or sore throat Rare: Mood changes, depression, allergic reactions Precautions Not a rescue medicine (cannot stop sudden asthma attack) Inform doctor if you have mental health issues Use with caution in pregnancy and breastfeeding

Losartan is a commonly prescribed medicine that belongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). It is mainly used to treat high blood pressure and protect the kidneys in diabetic patients. ✅ What is Losartan? Losartan works by relaxing blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood. This helps lower blood pressure and reduces the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems. 📌 Common Uses Treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension) Protecting kidneys in type 2 diabetes with proteinuria Managing heart failure (sometimes prescribed with other drugs) Reducing risk of stroke in certain patients 💊 Dosage (for Adults) Usual starting dose: 50 mg once daily Can be increased to 100 mg daily depending on response For children (above 6 years): dose depends on body weight (doctor’s advice needed) ⚠️ Side Effects Losartan is generally well tolerated, but some people may experience: Dizziness or lightheadedness High potassium levels (hyperkalemia) ...

  Ibuprofen is a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is available over-the-counter and by prescription, and is used for pain, fever, and inflammation. ✅ What is Ibuprofen? Ibuprofen reduces pain, fever, and swelling by blocking the production of prostaglandins (chemicals that cause pain and inflammation). 📌 Common Uses Headache and migraine relief Fever reduction Muscle pain and sports injuries Toothache and dental pain Arthritis pain (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis) Menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea) 💊 Dosage (for Adults) 200–400 mg every 6–8 hours as needed Do not exceed 3200 mg per day Children: dose depends on age/weight (doctor’s advice needed) ⚠️ Side Effects While effective, ibuprofen may cause side effects, especially with long-term use: Stomach upset, nausea, or heartburn Gastric ulcers or bleeding (with prolonged use) Kidney problems (rare, with high doses) Allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing – rare) ❗ Important Safety Ti...

  Paracetamol, also known as Acetaminophen , is one of the most commonly used medicines worldwide. It is an analgesic(pain reliever) and antipyretic(fever reducer) . Doctors often often prescribe it for fever, headaches, muscle pain, and mild to moderate pain conditions. USES Reduces fever relieves headaches and migraines Helps with toothache Eases menstrual cramps Useful in muscle pain, joint pain, and backache. Often used in cold and flu conditions. DOSAGE  Usual dose: 500mg to 1000mg every 4-6 hours as needed Maximum daily dose: 4000mg (4g). Do not exceed the maximum dose, as it can harm the liver. Dosage for children should be as per doctor's advice. SIDE EFFECTS Paracetamol is generally safe, but side effects can occur if overdosed: Nausea or vomiting Liver damage (in high doses) Allergic reaction (rare: rash, swelling, difficulty breathing) PRECAUTIONS Avoid alcohol while taking paracetamol (increases risk of liver damage) People with liver diseases should consult a doc...

  Amlodipine is a widely used medicine for controlling high blood pressure(hypertension) and chest pain(angina). It belongs to a group of drugs called calcium channel blockers , which help relax blood vessels and improve blood flow. USES  Treatment of high blood pressure(hypertension) Prevention of angina(chest pain) Improves blood circulation to the heart Sometimes used in combination with other medications for heart conditions How it works? Amlodipine blocks calcium from entering the muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. This relaxes and widens the blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood, and lowers blood pressure. COMMON SIDE EFFECTS Most people tolerate amlodipine well, but some may experience: Swelling of feet or ankles(edema) Headache Dizziness or lightheadedness Flushing(warm feeling in face) Fatigue SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS Rare, seek medical help immediately Chest pain that worsens Irregular heartbeat Severe swelling or difficulty breathing Fain...