Diclofenac: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Precautions

 


What is Diclofenac?

Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve pain and inflammation. It is widely prescribed for arthritis, muscle pain, and injuries.


Uses


  • Osteoarthritis & rheumatoid arthritis
  • Muscle pain, back pain, sprains
  • Post-surgical pain
  • Migraines (in some forms like rapid-release tablets)

How It Works

Diclofenac blocks COX enzymes (cyclooxygenase-1 and 2), which reduces prostaglandins — the chemicals that cause pain, swelling, and fever.


Dosage (General)

Adults: Usually 50–100 mg per day in divided doses.
Available as tablets, gels, eye drops, injections, and patches.


Side Effects

  • Stomach upset, acidity, nausea
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Long-term use: risk of ulcers, kidney or heart problems

Precautions

  • Take after food to reduce stomach irritation
  • Avoid in patients with peptic ulcer, severe kidney/heart disease
  • Should not be used during late pregnancy

Forms Available

Oral tablets & capsules

Topical gels/creams for joint or muscle pain

Eye drops (for post-surgery inflammation)

Injections (hospital use)


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