Cefalexin: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & More – The Medicine Guide


Cefalexin (also spelled cephalexin) is a widely used first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It’s commonly prescribed to treat bacterial infections, especially those involving the skin, respiratory tract, ears, bones, and urinary tract.

In this post, I’ll break down the basics of cefalexin in a way that's easy to understand – whether you're a patient, a pharmacy student, or just curious about medications.


 What Is Cefalexin?

Cefalexin is an oral antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, making it effective against many Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria. 

It’s commonly sold under brand names like Keflex, Cepol, and Sporidex.


Indications (Uses)

Cefalexin is used to treat:

  • Skin and soft tissue infections (e.g. cellulitis, infected wounds)

  • Pharyngitis and tonsillitis (caused by Streptococcus pyogenes)

  • Otitis media (middle ear infection)

  • Bone infections (e.g. osteomyelitis)

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs)



Dosage Guidelines

📌 Dosage depends on age, severity of infection, and kidney function.

Adults:
→ 250 mg to 500 mg every 6 hours
→ Or 500 mg to 1 g every 12 hours
→ Usual course: 7–14 days

Children:
→ 25–50 mg/kg/day in divided doses

Always take with a full glass of water. It can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may reduce stomach upset.


Side Effects

Common side effects:

  • Nausea

  • Diarrhea

  • Stomach pain

Less common but serious:

  • Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)

  • Pseudomembranous colitis

  • Seizures (in patients with renal impairment if overdosed)



Contraindications & Precautions

  • Allergy to cephalosporins or penicillins

  • Renal impairment – dose adjustment may be needed

  • Pregnancy/Breastfeeding – generally considered safe but consult a doctor



Pharmacist Tips

✔️ Complete the full course – even if symptoms improve
✔️ Store in a cool, dry place
✔️ Reconstituted suspension should be refrigerated and used within 7–14 days
✔️ Report any rash or allergic reaction immediately


References

  • Drugs.com

  • Standard pharmacology textbooks used in BPharm


Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only. Always consult your doctor or a qualified healthcare provider before starting or changing any medication.

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